Ask the Vet :Summer Heat

 Q:Can you give me some advice on the dangers of heat as it pertains to my pets. I have a dog and cat plus an 8 year old rabbit that we keep in a hutch outside. What can I do to keep them safe during the hot summer months? 

A:The heat of the summer can have devastating effects, not only on dogs and cats, but also on small pocket pets such as rabbits, gerbils and hamsters. The heat that exists during the summer months is much more detrimental to our companion animals than it is to us humans. Heat can cause pets to become dehydrated, overheated (hyperthermia), and even sunburn.  The temperature inside a car can raise 20 degrees in less than 10 /15 minutes, even if the windows are cracked and the car is parked in the shade.  Signs of  heat exhaustion include panting,  increased heart rate, lethargy, dark, red gums, hyperventilation (increased respirations), increased body temperature, .and  anxiety.  Some pet’s exhibit anxiety by pacing, sometimes back and forth across the back seat of the car, others will repetitively stand from a lying position and walk a few steps then quickly sit down again. Some pets may salivate or show signs of wetness around their muzzle. If your dog or cat is home it would be helpful to get an accurate body temperature measurement. This can be done with relative ease and minimal discomfort to your pet. It is easier if a second person can help by petting the animal and helping restrain while you  insert the thermometer. A digital thermometer is the easiest since it will beep when finished and you only need to insert the very tip of it into the rectum. Vaseline helps the instrument slide in easily.  If you are using a rectal thermometer shake it down below 98.6 degrees first,  place some lubricant on the end, raise your pet’s tail to visualize the anal opening and gently slide it in about ¼  to ½  inch. Wait two minutes and then take the reading. The general normal body temperature for dogs and cats is between 100 and 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit. Any pet over 103 degrees should be taken to the veterinarian immediately.  Older pets, overweight pets, short-nosed pets (Lhasa Apsos, Shih Tzus, Pugs, Bulldogs,  Boston Terriers, for example),  and pets with heart or lung disease are particularly sensitive to the heat of summer. Black dogs are at higher risk as well because their black fur absorbs the heat more readily. These animals should be kept indoors in a cool and preferably air-conditioned home. Long walks outside should be avoided. Minimize outside exposure to brief periods necessary to do their “business.”